No, not unless you fail to file in the very near future before the IRS or your state tax agency puts a tax lien on you.
Tax Liens usually end up on your credit report.
Filing your taxes ASAP and informing the IRS using Form 843, ask that penalties be abated because of a major illness. Attached supporting documentation such as copy of hospital bill.
If you need help with preparing your past due returns click on over to: http://taxeswilltravel.com/pdr.htm