I had to look this one up, to be sure I got the wording correct.
Yes, not only can you be charged with fraud, you can go to prison for not filing an income tax return, when required to do so.
The fraud can be either a civil or a criminal charge.
Civil fraud results in a penalty of 75% of the taxes owed.
Tax evasion, on the other hand, is considered a felony with a maximum prison sentence of five years and a maximum fine of $100K.
Filing a false return, can be considered a felony as well.
If you need to file past due returns, or file a 1040X, we can help you.